【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDocumentingtheStandardOperatingProceduresUsedfortheAnalysisofWater
【原文标准名称】:为水质分析操作程序提供资料
【标准号】:ASTMD5172-1991(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D19.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:文献工作;水质试验
【英文主题词】:analysis;documenting;procedure;standardoperatingprocedure
【摘要】:Theexactanalyticaltestmethodsandproceduresusedinanylaboratorymaybeuniqueandaffecttheusabilityoftheiranalyticalresults.Ageneralreferencetoabookofstandardanalyticaltestmethods,guides,andpracticespublishedbyareputableorganizationsuchasASTMisnotsufficienttoguaranteeacceptableresults.Asapointofclarification,aproceduremaybepartofatestmethodoritmaybeanyotherroutineprocessthelaboratorypersonnelmustfollow,forexample,glasswarecleaning,qualitycontrol,routinemaintenance,ordatareportingprocedures.Asignificantpartofthevariabilityofresultsgeneratedbydifferentlaboratoriesanalyzingthesamesamplesandcitingthesamegeneralreferenceisduetodifferencesinthewaytheanalyticaltestmethodsandproceduresareactuallyperformedineachlaboratory.Thesedifferencesareoftencausedbytheslightchangesoradjustmentsallowedbythegeneralreference,butthatcanaffectthefinalresults.ThemanualofSOPsisanimportantcomponentofanylaboratory’qualityassuranceprogram.Aswithallqualityassuranceactivities,theimportanceofthismanualliesinitsimpactonmaintaininguniformityoftestmethodperformanceandtheutilityofdatageneratedbythelaboratory.Eachlaboratoryshoulddevelopandmaintainaloose-leafmanualcontaininganexactstep-by-stepdescriptionofhoweverytestmethodandprocedureisperformedinthelaboratorytohelpguaranteeuniformperformanceamongdifferentanalystsusingthem.Withadequatedocumentationofalaboratory’completeandexactanalyticaltestmethodsandprocedures,alaboratorywillhaveimprovedconfidenceinitsabilitytoreproduceanalyticalconditionsexactlyandtherebygeneralreproducibleresults.ThismanualofSOPsisthecornerstoneofalaboratory’creditability.1.1Thisguideaddressestheneedforeachlaboratoryengagedintheanalysisofwaterandwastewatertodevelopandmaintainanup-to-datewrittenmanualthatclearlyandcompletelydelineatestheexactstepsfollowedinperformingeverytestmethodandprocedureusedinthelaboratory,thatis,amanualoftheirstandardoperatingprocedures(SOPs).1.2Thisguidedetailsthepracticesnecessarytoprovideclearin-houseSOPsandamechanismwherebythenormaldevelopmentandevolutionofananalyticaltestmethodorprocedurecanbecontrolledandproperlyevaluatedforincorporationintotheSOPusedinthatlaboratory.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Specificprecautionarystatementsaregiveninthenote.
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_50
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforTensileTestingofAramidYarns
【原文标准名称】:芳族聚酰胺纱线抗拉试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7269/D7269M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D13.19
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aramid;lineardensity;tensileproperties/tests;tirecord;tirefabric;Yarns;Aramidfibers;Lineardensity;Tensileproperties/testing;Tirecordsandtirecordfabrics
【摘要】:Thelevelsoftensilepropertiesobtainedwhentestingaramidyarnsandtirecordsaredependentontheageandhistoryofthespecimenandonthespecificconditionsusedduringthetest.Amongtheseconditionsarerateofstretching,typeofclamps,gagelengthofspecimen,temperatureandhumidityoftheatmosphere,rateofairflowacrossthespecimen,andtemperatureandmoisturecontentofthespecimen.Testingconditionsaccordinglyarespecifiedpreciselytoobtainreproducibletestresultsonaspecificsample.Becausetheforce-bearingabilityofareinforcedrubberproductisrelatedtothestrengthoftheyarnorcordusedasareinforcingmaterial,breakingstrengthisusedinengineeringcalculationswhendesigningvarioustypesoftextilereinforcedrubberproducts.Whenneededtocompareintrinsicstrengthcharacteristicsofyarnsorcordsofdifferentsizesordifferenttypesoffiber,breakingtenacityisveryusefulbecause,foragiventypeoffiber,breakingforceisapproximatelyproportionaltolineardensity.Elongationofyarnorcordistakenintoconsiderationinthedesignandengineeringofreinforcedrubberproductsbecauseofitseffectonuniformityofthefinishedproductanditsdimensionalstabilityduringservice.TheFASEisusedtomonitorchangesincharacteristicsofthetextilematerialduringthevariousstagesinvolvedintheprocessingandincorporationofyarnorcordintoarubberproduct.Modulusisameasureoftheresistanceofyarnorcordtoextensionasaforceisapplied.Itisusefulforestimatingtheresponseofatextilereinforcedstructuretotheapplicationofvaryingforcesandratesofstretching.Althoughmodulusmaybedeterminedatanyspecifiedforce,initialmodulusisthevaluemostcommonlyused.Work-to-breakisdependentontherelationshipofforcetoelongation.Itisameasureoftheabilityofatextilestructuretoabsorbmechanicalenergy.Breakingtoughnessiswork-to-breakperunitmass.Itshouldbeemphasizedthat,althoughtheprecedingparametersarerelatedtotheperformanceofatextile-reinforcedproduct,theactualconfigurationoftheproductissignificant.Shape,size,andinternalconstructionalsocanhaveappreciableeffectonproductperformance.Itisnotpossible,therefore,toevaluatetheperformanceofatextilereinforcedproductintermsofthereinforcingmaterialalone.Iftherearedifferencesofpracticalsignificancebetweenreportedtestresultsfortwolaboratories(ormore),comparativetestsshouldbeperformedtodetermineifthereisastatisticalbiasbetweenthem,usingcompetentstatisticalassistance.Asaminimum,testsamplesshouldbeusedthatareashomogeneousaspossible,thataredrawnfromthematerialfromwhichthedisparatetestresultswereobtained,andthatarerandomlyassignedinequalnumberstoeachlaboratoryfortesting.Othermaterialswithestablishedtestvaluesmaybeusedforthispurpose.Thetestresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusingastatisticaltestforunpaireddata,ataprobabilitylevelchosenpriortothetestingseries.Ifabiasisfound,eitheritscausemustbefoundandcorrected,orfuturetestresultsmustbeadjustedinconsiderationoftheknownbias.1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthetensiletestingofaramidyarns,cordstwistedfromsuchyarns,andfabricswovenfromsuchcords.Theyarnorcordmaybewoundoncones,tubes,bobbins,spools,orbeams;maybewovenintofabric;ormaybeinsomeotherform.Themethodsincludetestingprocedureonlyandincludenospecificationsortolerances.1.2ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunits......
【中国标准分类号】:W50
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_20
【页数】:28P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语